Learning English

ምህረተስላሴ
ጤና ይስጥልን፤ የእንግሊዘኛ ዜናዎችን ለመረዳት የሚያስችል ቋንቋ ወደምናስተምርበት Listen Here! – መሰናዶ እንኳን በደህና መጡ። ምህረተስላሴ እባላለሁ።

Tom
And I’m Tom! Hi again everyone. Today we’re listening to a discussion about the effects of fat on our brains.

ምህረተስላሴ
ዛሬ የምናዳምጠው ከቢቢሲ ብሪንጊንግ አፕ ብሪቴን መሰናዶ የተቀነጨበ ነው። የስነ ምግብ ባለሙያ በምግባችን ‘diet’ ውስጥ ስብ ያለውን ጥቅም ይናገራሉ። እነዚህ ‘dietary fats’ ይባላሉ። ባለሙያዋ ስብ በጣም ጠቃሚ ስለመሆኑ አፅንኦት ሰጥተው የተናገሩት ለምን ይሆን? መቶኛውን ለማወቅ በአንክሮ ያዳምጡ።

Insert
I think almost everyone would do better if they were to realise how much impact things like sugar and refined carbohydrates can have. Now, the area of the diet most people absolutely don't understand is to do with dietary fats - the brain, it's 60% fat!

Tom
Wow! Sixty percent of the brain is fat!

ምህረተስላሴ
Yes! And she mentions that sugar and carbohydrates, ሀይል ሰጪ ምግቦች are bad too! She said that people would be better if they realised the impact these things can have.

Tom
But she doesn’t quite say ‘if they realised’. She says something slightly different. What is it? Let’s listen again.

Insert
I think almost everyone would do better if they were to realise how much impact things like sugar and refined carbohydrates can have.

Tom
So, she says ‘if they were to realise how much impact sugar and carbohydrates can have’.

ምህረተስላሴ
አዎ። በዚህ አረፍተ ነገር ውስጥ ‘were’ መላ ምትን የሚያሳይ ያለፈ ጊዜ ቅርፅ ያለው ግስ ነው። ከእሱ ቀጥለን ‘to realise’ ን ጨምረንበታል።

Tom
She also stresses ‘if they were’, to stress that this is an unreal or imagined situation.

ምህረተስላሴ
So, if I were to suggest that we continue, would you agree?

Tom
Yes, I would! Let’s continue.

ምህረተስላሴ
አሁንም ያዳምጡ። ተናጋሪዋ በምንመገበው ምግብ ውስጥ ያለውን ስብ ዓይነት መቆጣጠር እንዳለብን ሲያብራሩ ምን ዓይነት ምክንያቶች አቀረቡ?

Insert
…the brain, it's 60% fat! It's the fat-rich organ, you know, that underlies all our behaviour, and its composition reflects the fats in our diets. So, if we don't get those right, there's no way that our brains are going to be able to function properly.

Tom
So, she says the brain is the organ that underlies our behaviour and it reflects that fats we eat in our diet.

ምህረተስላሴ
‘Organ’ የውስጥ አካል ማለት ነው። ‘To underlie’ ማነሳሳት ወይም ምክንያት መሆን ማለት ነው። She also uses an interesting adjective to describe the brain. 

Tom
She does. Listen again for the two words that come before ‘organ’.

Insert
…the brain, it's 60% fat! It's the fat-rich organ, you know, that underlies all our behaviour, and its composition reflects the fats in our diets.

Tom
She said it’s a fat-rich organ.

ምህረተስላሴ
 ‘-rich’ ከተጨባጭ ስሞች ጋር የምንጠቀመው የኋላ ቅጥያ ነው። ከፍተኛ መጠን መኖሩን የሚያሳይ ቅፅል ነው። 

Tom
So I could say I eat a vitamin-rich lunch full of fruit and vegetables.

ምህረተስላሴ
ለማጠቃለል፤ ተናጋሪዋ ትክክለኛውን የስብ ዓይነቶች ማግኘት ካልቻልን አዕምሯችን ምን ያጋጥመዋል ይላሉ?

Insert
It's the fat-rich organ, you know, that underlies all our behaviour, and its composition reflects the fats in our diets. So, if we don't get those right, there's no way that our brains are going to be able to function properly.

ምህረተስላሴ
እዚህ ላይ ተናጋሪዋ ሌላ ‘if’ ተጠቅመዋል፤ ሊሆን የሚችል ውጤትን ለመጠቆም ‘going to’ ከሚል ሐረግ ጋር ነው የተጠቀሙት።

Tom
That’s right! She says ‘if we don't get those right, there's no way that our brains are going to be able to function properly’.

ምህረተስላሴ
እናም there’s no way ይላሉ፤ ይህም የመሆን ዕድል የለውም ‘there’s no possibility’ ማለት ነው።

Tom
Also, she doesn’t say ‘our brains are going to be able to function properly’. She uses the contracted form, ‘gonna’. Say it with me to practise.

gonna
gonna be able
gonna be able to function

ምህረተስላሴ
Thanks, Tom! So, do you control the amount of fat you eat?

Tom
There’s no way I’m gonna be able to answer that question as we’re gonna run out of time!

ምህረተስላሴ
You’re right! በሚቀጥለው መሰናዶ እስከምንገናኝ ደህና ሁኑ! 

Tom
See you then everybody! Bye!